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HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic. As of 2012, approximately 35.3 million people are living with HIV globally. Of these, approximately 17.2 million are men, 16.8 million are women and 3.4 million are less than 15 years old.〔(UNAIDS 2011 pg. 1-10 )〕 There were about 1.8 million deaths from AIDS in 2010, down from 2.2 million in 2005.〔 Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected. In 2010, an estimated 68% (22.9 million) of all HIV cases and 66% of all deaths (1.2 million) occurred in this region.〔UNAIDS 2011 pg. 20-30〕 This means that about 5% of the adult population in this area is infected.〔UNAIDS 2011 pg. 40-50〕 Here, in contrast to other regions, women compose nearly 60% of cases.〔 South Africa has the largest population of people with HIV of any country in the world, at 5.9 million.〔 South & South East Asia (a region with about 2 billion people as of 2010, over 30% of the global population) has an estimated 4 million cases (12% of all people living with HIV), with about 250,000 deaths in 2010.〔 Approximately 2.5 million of these cases are in India, where however the prevalence is only about 0.3% (somewhat higher than that found in Western and Central Europe or Canada).〔 Prevalence is lowest in East Asia at 0.1%.〔 In 2008 approximately 1.2 million people in the United States had HIV; 20% did not realize that they were infected. Over the 10-year period from 1999-2008 it resulted in about 17,500 deaths per year.〔 In the United Kingdom, as of 2009, there were approximately 86,500 cases and 516 deaths. In Australia, as of 2009, there were about 21,171 cases and around 23 deaths. In Canada as of 2008 there were about 65,000 cases and 53 deaths. A reconstruction of its genetic history shows that the HIV pandemic almost certainly originated in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, around 1920. AIDS was first recognized in 1981 and by 2009 had caused nearly 30 million deaths.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.unaids.org/documents/20101123_FS_Global_em_en.pdf )〕 ==By region== The pandemic is not homogeneous within regions, with some countries more afflicted than others. Even at the country level, there are wide variations in infection levels between different areas. The number of people infected with HIV continues to rise in most parts of the world, despite the implementation of prevention strategies, Sub-Saharan Africa being by far the worst-affected region, with an estimated 22.9 million at the end of 2010, 68% of the global total.〔 South and South East Asia have an estimated 12% of the global total. The rate of new infections has fallen slightly since 2005 after a more rapid decline between 1997 and 2005.〔 Annual AIDS deaths have been continually declining since 2005 as antiretroviral therapy has become more widely available. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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